Calcification of the root canal. Treatment in canine

Endodontic treatment with obliteration of the canal lumen accessed in the traditional way, with fine diamond tips and a lot of patience

Case study carried out in class III of the specialization in endodontics at HPG Brasília by student Alessandra.

Calcification of the root canal. In: Consolaro and Bernardini. Orthodontic Insight - Rev. Dent. Press Orthodon. Ortop. Facial 12 (6) - Dec 2007

One of the ways in which cells adapt to adverse conditions is cell metaplasia. The mature cell transforms itself, changes its phenotype to another equally mature cell type and of the same embryonic lineage. Metaplasia represents an efficient form of cellular adaptation. When the individual starts smoking, the lining cells of the trachea and bronchi change from ciliated and mucous epithelial cells, cylindrical and large producers of mucus, to squamous and stratified epithelial cells, sometimes even producing superficial keratin. In short, metaplasia represents a metamorphosis in cell morphology and function.

In the pulp of traumatized teeth that remain structurally healthy, but with partial damage to the vascular and nerve bundle, pulp cells can undergo metaplasia to adapt to temporary hypoxia and reduced metabolism. This metaplasia leads fibroblasts, pericytes, undifferentiated cells or tissue stem cells, pre-odontoblasts and even vascular cells to differentiate, modify or transform into odontoblasts, which start a random and disorganized production of reactional dentin, with cells and vessels included in its structure, to the point of being identified even as osteodentin or vasodentin. Osteodentin and vasodentin are primitive forms of dentin and found as part of teeth of lower animals on the biological evolutionary scale of animal life.

This random deposition of dysplastic dentin is usually very disorganized and poorly mineralized and may even have a direction from the periphery to the center of the pulp, but not always. Often this randomness of deposition of dysplastic dentin is absolute and uncontrolled. After three months, radiographically one can notice fading of the normal pulpal limits, reduction of the pulpal volume, closure of the pulpal spaces in the chamber and/or in the root canal. Closure may be completed with erasure of the pulp spaces between 6 months and 1 year after the trauma. This phenomenon, very well known and frequent, is also simply known as Pulp Obliteration, but it should be more appropriately identified as Calcic Metamorphosis of the Pulp, the name most commonly used in the literature on the subject.

Clinically and radiographically, the presence of Calcic Pulp Metamorphosis indicates a past history of dental trauma. Traumatized teeth when moved orthodontically are more likely to present more severe root resorption, because they start earlier than other teeth.

Calcification of the root canal. Treatment in canine

https://ferrariendodontia.com.br/anatomia-endodontica/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=83SEaibzJuI&t=1514s